Nicole Haggerty

• Zadeh, M. M.; Haggerty, N., 2023, "Intentional non-compliance: influencing employees' compliance decision in healthcare services", International Journal of Healthcare Technology and Management, May 20(2): 126 - 143.
  Abstract: Ensuring service execution compliance with the requisites of day-today operational tasks continues to be a major managerial challenge for service systems, particularly in the healthcare context where patients' safety is at stake. In this qualitative inquiry, we use the data collected from a nursing care organisation to report on one underexplored category of employee failures: intentional noncompliance at the service execution stage. This specific category of failures happens when employees knowingly choose to deviate from the standards of the planned care, yet they have no malicious intention for sabotaging the organisation and/or its stakeholders. Based on our findings, preventing employees' intentional noncompliance requires designing compliance enablers that dampen the negative impact of socio-psychological inhibitors, which manifest in the form of personal and interpersonal traits and legitimise the employees' choice of deviation from the requirements.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhtm.2023.10055800

• Meymar Zadeh, M.; Haggerty, N., 2022, "Improving long-term care services: COVID-19 lessons from high-reliability organizations", Leadership in Health Services, April 35(2): 174 - 189.
  Abstract: Purpose Long-term care (LTC) organizations have struggled to protect their vulnerable clients from the ravages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although various suggestions on containing outbreaks in LTC facilities have gained prominence, ensuring the safety of residents is not just a crisis issue. In that context, the authors must reasses the traditional management practices that were not sufficient for handling unexpected and demanding conditions. The purpose of this paper is to suggest rethinking the underlying attributes of LTC organizations and drawing insight from the parallels they have to high-reliability organizations (HROs). Design/methodology/approach The authors analyzed qualitative data collected from a Canadian LTC facility to shed light on the current state of reliability practices and culture of the LTC industry and to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the traditional management approaches. Findings To help the LTC industry develop the necessary crisis management capacity to tackle unexpected future challenges, there is an urgent need for adopting a more systemic top-down approach that cultivates mindfulness, learning and resilience. Originality/value This study contributes by applying the HRO theoretical lens in the LTC context. The study provides the LTC leaders with insights into creating a unified effort at the industry level to give rise to a high-reliability-oriented industry.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/LHS-07-2021-0064

• Kimitei, E.; Charles, L.; Chepkwony, J.; Haggerty, N., 2019, "Effect of Logistic Information Integration Capability on Performance of Manufacturing Firms: The Moderating Role of Supply Chain Linkages", Journal of Research in Business, Economics and Management, October 13(3): 2480 - 2493.
  Abstract: Several studies content that firms may improve their performance by integrating their logistic capabilities. But such relationships may be affected by other externalities. Therefore, this study determined the role of supply chain linkages as a moderator on the relationship between logistic information integration capability and firm performance of manufacturing firms. The study adopted explanatory research design of cross-sectional nature. The target population comprised of 750 manufacturing firms registered under Kenya Association of Manufacturers. Sample size of 442 firms was selected using stratified and simple random sampling approaches. The findings of the study demonstrated that logistic information integration capability positively and significantly affects firm performance, subject to moderation effect of supply chain linkages. The implication of the study emphasizes the need for firm managers to understand and find ways to effectively manage the interactions between logistic information integration capability and supply chain linkages in order to improve performance and meet the customer requirements satisfactorily. Therefore, this study provides empirical evidence in manufacturing firms that supply chain moderates the relationship between logistic information integration capability and firm performance.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://scitecresearch.com/journals/index.php/jrbem/article/view/1787

• Sibbald, S. L.; Haggerty, N., 2019, "Integrating Business & Medical Pedagogy to Accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals", Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, March 13(1): 92 - 101.
  Abstract: A quality education is one that best fits the present and future needs of an individual within their current society. Case-based Learning (CBL) is inquiry-based learning which allows self-directed learning, logical reasoning, problem-solving and decision-making. CBL enhances knowledge, teamwork and problem-solving skills; it is used worldwide across various healthcare fields. It can tie theory to practice and go beyond traditional learning outcomes to induce deeper learning. The CBL method has been touted as superior in preparing future healthcare professionals. This preparation is a vital step in attaining the progress needed to achieve the 2017 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We believe the CBL approach will not only foster more competent learners, but also is a necessary and sufficient technique to meet the SDGs. We conclude that healthcare pedagogy should embrace CBL techniques in order to realize sustainable development and the healthy planetary goals.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973408219844857

• Qureshi, I.; Fang, Y.; Haggerty, N.; Compeau, D. R.; Zhang, X., 2018, "IT-Mediated Social Interactions and Knowledge Sharing: Role of Competence-Based Trust and Background Heterogeneity", Information Systems Journal, August 28(5): 925 - 955.
  Abstract: In the knowledge-based economy, organizational success is dependent on how effectively organizational employees share information. Many studies have investigated how different types of communication activities and communications media influence knowledge sharing. We contribute to this literature by examining increasingly prevalent yet understudied IT-mediated social interactions and their effects on knowledge sharing among employees in comparison to face-to-face social connections. By integrating the literature on knowledge sharing, social networks, and information systems, we theorize the ability of IT-mediated social interaction to (1) afford interactions between individuals with heterogeneous backgrounds and (2) facilitate frequent IT-mediated social interactions that are high in competence-based trustboth supporting effective sharing of knowledge. Through a social network analysis of the employees in a high-tech organization, this study finds that IT-mediated frequent social interactions are the most effective in promoting knowledge sharing.

  Link(s) to publication:

  https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12181

• Sedig, K.; Naimi, A.; Haggerty, N., 2017, "Aligning Information Technologies with Evidence-Based Healthcare Activities: A Design and Evaluation Framework", Human Technology, November 13(2): 180 - 215.
  Abstract: vidence-based health care (EBHC) has given rise to expectations that decision-making be tethered to more high-quality information. As health information technologies (HITs) acquire an increasingly vital role in the information processes involved in EBHC, a more mature understanding is needed of the relationship between HITs and the EBHC activities they serve. In this paper, we conceptualize HITs and EBHC activities on a common foundation of distributed cognition that treats humans, technology, and the environment as interwoven parts of a whole, dynamic system. From that common foundation, we articulate a basis for achieving a contextually sensitive fit between HITs and EBHC activities by providing a framework (DETECT) of 20 properties that can be used to systematically characterize the fit between HITs and EBHC activities. Designers, deployers, and evaluators of HITs can use DETECT to better anticipate, locate, and diagnose the issues that arise when HITs are used to achieve diverse EBHC commitments

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://humantechnology.jyu.fi/archive/vol-13/issue-2-1/aligning-information-technologies-with-evidence-based-health-care-activities

• Wan, Z.; Haggerty, N.; Wang, Y., 2015, "Individual Level Knowledge Transfer in Virtual Settings: A Review and Synthesis", International Journal of Knowledge Management, December 11(2): 29 - 61.
  Abstract: Since the emergence of the knowledge-based view of the firm in the mid-1990, researchers have made considerable effort to untangle the complexity of how individuals create, capture and realize value from knowledge. To date, this burgeoning field has offered rich and yet diverse insights involving contextual, process and outcome factors that influence individual level knowledge transfer. Concomitantly globalization and advancing technologies have extended virtual work arrangements such as virtual teams and virtual communities on the internet and considerably extended the knowledge base upon which individuals can draw when creating, acquiring, sharing and integrating knowledge. Research on individual level knowledge transfer has also embraced these virtual environments spawning new insights. Hence the objective of this paper is to assess current state of research and identify potential avenues for future research at the intersection of these two dimensions. The authors focus specifically on knowledge transfer research at the individual level instead of the team or firm level and within virtual settings. Applying a process view of knowledge transfer, they synthesize existing findings and discuss issues surrounding the inputs, processes, and outputs. The synthesis reveals both strengths and gaps in the literature. Accordingly, the authors offer directions for future research that may address the gaps and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of individual level knowledge transfer in virtual settings.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/IJKM.2015040103

• Wan, Z.; Compeau, D. R.; Haggerty, N., 2012, "The Effects of Self-Regulated Learning Processes on E-Learning Outcomes in Organizational Settings", Journal of Management Information Systems, September 29(1): 307 - 339.
  Abstract: This paper focuses on employees' e-learning processes during online job training. A new categorization of self-regulated learning strategies, that is, personal versus social learning strategies, is proposed, and measurement scales are developed. The new measures were tested using data collected from employees in a large company. Our approach provides context-relevant insights into online training providers and employees themselves. The results suggest that learners adopt different self-regulated learning strategies resulting in different e-learning outcomes. Furthermore, the use of self-regulated learning strategies is influenced by individual factors such as virtual competence and goal orientation, and job and contextual factors such as intellectual demand and cooperative norms. The findings can (1) help e-learners obtain better learning outcomes through their active use of varied learning strategies, (2) provide useful information for organizations that are currently using or plan to use e-learning for training, and (3) inform software designers to integrate self-regulated learning strategy support in e-learning system design and development.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222290109

• Wang, Y.; Haggerty, N., 2011, "Individual Virtual Competence and its Influence on Work Outcomes", Journal of Management Information Systems, June 27(4): 299 - 333.
  Abstract: Witnessing both opportunities and challenges in virtual work arrangements, researchers have explored a number of technological, social and organizational factors in order to improve virtual work effectiveness. However, there is limited understanding of an important element of virtual work, individuals themselves. Our review of the literature indicates that the composition of individual knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) required to work virtually would benefit from further research. In this study, we theoretically and empirically develop the construct of individual virtual competence that captures the key KSAs required to perform effectively in today’s virtualized workplace, within a parsimonious nomological network. Substantiated by its explanatory power on individual perceived performance and satisfaction, individual virtual competence contributes to the literature by acknowledging a distinct workplace competence which can be incorporated in future individual-level studies of virtual phenomena. This research provides managers with a lens to understand differences in individual work outcomes and it provides a lever to developing individuals’ capabilities so as to improve work outcomes.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222270410

• Wang, Y.; Haggerty, N., 2009, "Knowledge Transfer in Virtual Settings: The Role of Individual Virtual Competency", Information Systems Journal, October 19(6): 571 - 593.
  Abstract: Economic forces, competitive pressures and technological advances have created an environment within which firms have developed new ways of organizing (e.g. virtual work settings) and managing their resources (e.g. knowledge management) in order to maintain and improve firm performance. Extant research has highlighted the challenges associated with managing knowledge in virtual settings. However, researchers are still struggling to provide effective guidance to practitioners in this field. We believe that a better understanding of individual virtual competency is a potential avenue for managing the complexity of knowledge transfer in virtual settings. In particular, we suggest that optimal knowledge transfers can be achieved by individuals armed with the right personal capabilities and skills for virtual work, particularly when those knowledge transfers are emergent, bottom-up and cannot be specified a priori. The virtual competency exhibited by individuals can be the key to overcoming the constraints of knowledge transfers with such characteristics because underlying competency can facilitate effective action in unfamiliar and novel situations. In this conceptual research, we develop a theoretical model of individual virtual competence and describe its role in the communication process, which underpins effective knowledge transfer in virtual settings. Additionally, we consider the antecedent role that prior experience in virtual activity plays in aiding workers to develop virtual competence, which in turn engenders effective knowledge transfer. We conclude with implications for future research and for practicing managers.
• Wan, Z.; Wang, Y.; Haggerty, N., 2008, "Why People Benefit from E-learning Differently: The Effects of Psychological Processes on E-learning Outcomes", Information and Management, December 45(8): 513 - 521.
  Abstract: Using social cognitive theory, we opened up the black box of psychological processes in which e-learners engage. We believed that prior experience with ICT and virtual competence were two influential factors that affected e-learning and had a positive influence on its outcomes. We tested our hypotheses on a sample of 383 Chinese students participating in online courses. Our findings confirmed the effect of virtual competence and revealed a nuanced mechanism by which experiences with ICT affected e-learning outcomes. We discussed the implications of this in e-learning practice.
• Rasmussen, H.; Haggerty, N., 2008, "Knowledge Appraisal and Knowledge Management Systems: Judging What We Know", Journal of Organizational and End User Computing, January 20(1): 17 - 35.
  Abstract: Knowledge management (KM) is a critical practice by which a firm’s intellectual capital is created, stored and shared. This has lead to a rich research agenda within which knowledge management systems (KMS) have been a key focus. Our research reveals that an important element of KM practice—knowledge appraisal— is considered in only a fragmentary and incomplete way in research. Knowledge appraisal reflects the multi-level process by which a firm’s knowledge is evaluated by the organization or individual for its value. The processes are highly intertwined with the use of the KMS. It therefore requires consideration of KA across multiple levels and types of knowledge across the entire KM cycle. To achieve this goal, we develop and present a taxonomy of knowledge appraisal practices and discuss their role in the KM lifecycle emphasizing implications for research and practice.

  Link(s) to publication:

  http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.2008010102

• Tsai, P.; Compeau, D. R.; Haggerty, N., 2007, "Of Races to Be Run and Battles to Be Won: Technical Skill-Updating, Stress, and Coping of IT Professionals", Human Resource Management, September 46(3): 395 - 409.
  Abstract: The expectation on today's information technology (IT) professionals to remain technically competent constitutes a significant source of stress. We examine how IT professionals experience and cope with the threat of technical obsolescence. Interestingly, not all IT professionals consider technology change a threat to their technical competence some viewed updating as enjoyable and pursued learning for its own sake. However, most viewed the relentless demand to update their technical skills as stressful and used a variety of coping strategies to address this threat. Using this cognitive approach to technical obsolescence, we describe implications for managerial practice and delineate a direction for future research.
• Neufeld, D. J.; Haggerty, N., 2001, "Collaborative Team Learning in Information Systems: A Pedagogy for Developing Team Skills and High Performance", Journal of Computer Information Systems, January 42(1): 37 - 43.
  Abstract: "Business schools must learn how to deliver graduates who are capable team players, particularly in the field of information systems where IS personnel are frequently cited as lacking in interpersonal and teams skills, and where information technology work is increasingly structured around team-based projects. We report here on the effectiveness of a collaborative pedagogical approach called team learning, which was used in a database management systems course. The team learning methodology requires students and their team mates to bear sole responsibility for learning in teams, with the Professor acting as a 'Guide on the Side' [16. Using an experimental design, this study demonstrates that teams consistently outperformed individuals, that critical team skills improved over time, and that important team skills were positively associated with team performance.
• Schneberger, S. L.; Parent, M.; Haggerty, N., 2000, "Teaching e-Commerce: A Multidisciplinary Approach", Journal of Informatics Education and Research, January 2(2): 1 - 8.
  Abstract: In 1999, a Canadian university embarked on an effort to design and develop a multidisciplinary stream of courses for its MBAs and upper-level business undergraduates. With the premise that e-business is multidisciplinary, faculty from nine academic areas - information systems, marketing, strategy, communications, operations, management science, accounting, organizational behavior, and law organized themselves to design the curriculum, develop the course sessions, and teach the stream. This paper provides some detail as to the design process that was used, the resulting curriculum, and the pedagogy issues that arose.

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